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Irrigation Management :: Maize

Maize (Zea mays L.)
Water Management

  1. Maize crop is sensitive to both moisture stress and excessive moisture, hence regulate irrigation according to the requirement.
  2. Ensure optimum moisture availability during the most critical phase (45 to 65 days after sowing); otherwise yield will be reduced by a considerable extent.

Regulate irrigation according to the following growth phase of the crop.

Germination & establishment phase : 1 to   14 days
Vegetative phase : 15 to 39 days
Flowering phase : 40 to 65 days
Maturity phase : 66 to 95 days

 
Stage No. of irrigation                   Days after sowing
Heavy soils
Germination & establishment 3 After sowing, Life irrigation - 4th,12th day
Vegetative 2 25th, 36th day
Flowering
(Irrigate copiously)		 2 48th,  60th day
Maturity phase
(Control irrigation)		 2 72nd, 85th day
Light soils
Germination & establishment 3 After sowing, Life irrigation-4th ,12thday
Vegetative Phase 3 22nd ,32nd & 40th day
Flowering phase
(Irrigate copiously)		 3 50th ,60th & 72nd day
Maturity phase
(Controlled irrigation) 		2 85th , 95th day

DRIP IRRIGATION TO MAIZE

  • Irrigation once in 2 days
  • Irrigation based on climatological approach
Irrigation volume = Pe x Kp x Kc x A x Wp – Re

  • Pe – Pan evaporation rate (mm/day)
  • Kp – Pan co-efficient (0.75 to 0.80)
  • Kc – Crop co-efficient (0.4 – Vegetative stage; 0.75 – Flowering stage; 1.05 – Grain formation stage)
  • A – Area (75 x 30 cm)
  • Wp – Wetted percentage (80% for maize)
  • Re – Effective rainfall (mm)
Irrigation duration = Water requirement per plant once in 2 days
No. of dripper / plant x Discharge rate (lph)

DRIP FERTIGATION TECHNOLOGY

  • Method of planting : paired row planting (60/90 × 30 cm)
  • Fertilizer dose =150:75:75 kg NPK per ha
  • Drip fertigation with Water soluble fertilizer (WSF)

N

Polyfeed

19-19-19

P

MAP

12-61-00

K

KNO3

13-00-45
  • Fertigation Device: Ventury assembly (3/4”) with injector pump (0.5 HP)
Fertigation schedule for Hybrid maize with Water Soluble Fertilizers at (75 % RDF)
Stage(days) Duration(days) Fertilizerform Fertilizer grade Dose/ha/day TotalQty(Kg/ha) Nutrients kg/ha
N P K N P K
6 to 25 20 MAP 12 61 0 2.813 56.25 6.75 34.31 0.00
20 Urea 46 0 0 0.938 18.75 8.63 0.00 0.00
26-60 35 PolyFeed 19 19 19 2.143 75.00 14.25 14.25 14.25
35 Multi- K 13 0 45 1.500 52.50 6.83 0.00 23.63
35 Urea 46 0 0 2.143 75.00 34.50 0.00 0.00
61-75 15 PolyFeed 19 19 19 2.750 41.25 7.84 7.84 7.84
15 Multi- K 13 0 45 1.600 24.00 3.12 0.00 10.80
15 Urea 46 0 0 4.500 67.50 31.05 0.00 0.00
              112.96 56.40 56.51
 Fertigation schedule for Hybrid maize with Normal Fertilizers (100% RDF)
Stage(days) Duration(days) Fertilizerform Fertilizer grade Dose/ ha/day Total Qty(Kg/ha) Nutrients kg/ha
N P K N P K
6 to 25 20 DAP 18 46 0 5.00 100 18.0 46.0 0.0
20 Urea 46 0 0 2.50 50 23.0 0.0 0.0
26-60 35 DAP 18 46 0 1.86 65 11.7 29.9 0.0
35 Urea 46 0 0 4.29 150 69.0 0.0 0.0
35 MOP 0 0 60 2.14 75 0.0 0.0 45.0
61-75 15 Urea 46 0 0 4.13 62 28.5 0.0 0.0
15 MOP 0 0 60 3.33 50 0.0 0.0 30.0
              150.2 75.9 75.0

 

Drip irrigation in Maize field



Updated on : 2013
 
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