Infected seeds become shriveled, mouldy and brown.

Symptoms on cotyledons appear as dark brown sunken cankers.

In early stage, irregular brown lesions appear on leaves, stems and pods.

In advanced stages, the infected tissues are covered with black fruiting bodies of fungus.

Under high humidity, symptoms on leaves are veinal necrosis, leaf rolling, cankers on petioles premature defoliation

Use healthy or certified seeds.

Rotate soybean with cereals.

Do not cultivate when the foliage is wet.

Completely remove plant residue by clean ploughing the field soon after harvest.

Destroy last years infected stubble.

Maintain well drained field.

Seed treatment with Thiram or Captan or Carbendazim 3 g/kg and

Use Mancozeb @ 2.5g/l as spray or Carbendazim 1g/L.