Indigenous Farming :: Indigenous Technical Knowledge
GINGER
- Use rhizomes collected near the bunds of the field for seed purpose.
- Application of lime to the field before planting of rhizomes to avoid pests.
- Spreading the available fresh or dried green leaves over the planted rhizomes to avoid weeds and give shading.
ARECANUT
- Mixing the selected big nuts with sand and soil mixture prepared in 2:1 ratio keeping in gunny bag in shade and sprinkling water for 2 – 3 times/week over it for 30 days for sprouting.
- Protecting the young seedlings against heavy rain, hot sun and mist by covering it with the branches of local trees.
TOBACCO
- For eradicating broom rape weed (Orabanche cernua) in tobacco, a drop of ground nut or gingelly oil is placed above the growth during its emergence.
- A solution is made of 5 lit. of milk in 100 lit. of water and sprayed after a month of planting for 1 ac. of tobacco crop to prevent tobacco mosaic virus.
- Wider spacing is provided to get more yield in tobacco.
- Sheep penning is practiced for tobacco fields for getting higher yield.
- Topping of tobacco plants along with flowers is done after 8-10 leaves appearance. This is locally termed as 'Nuni killudal'
- Neem seed kernel extract is sprayed to control tobacco cut worm.
- Sorghum or gingelly is grown as a trap crop to control broom rape weed (Orabanche cernua).
- Spraying putrefied buttermilk @ 50ml. dissolved in 1 lit. of water to control tobacco mosaic.
COFFEE
- Half a kg of fresh cow dung is dissolved in 15 lit. of water and sprinkled on coffee seedlings at nursery stage for better growth.
- Cow dung slurry is sprayed over the areca nut seedlings in the nursery once or twice a week to control common pests and diseases
- Coffee is grown in any one of the following multi-tier systems of cultivation. (a). Banana - Coffee (b). Jack-Mandarin orange – Coffee (c). Mandarin orange - Coffee - Pepper
- Forming semi circular basins around the coffee plants to conserve moisture.
- Stems of coffee plants are rubbed with cloves made up of coir rope during Apr-May to prevent stem borer.
- Coffee berry borer mostly spreads from one plantation to another through the gunny bags used for transport of coffee beans to curing factories. Hence, these gunny bags are impregnated with neem cake extract and dried before packing.
- To control berry borers in coffee, 3 kg. of neem cake and 6 kg of forest marigold are soaked in water separately for 3 days after which they are dissolved together in 200lit. of water and sprayed for an acre twice with an interval of 15 days
- Lime is applied to control wilt disease in coffee.
- Good quality coffee is obtained at third or fourth picking.
- Disease free coffee plants having good viguor are selected for seed collection.
- Stems of coffee plants are rubbed with cloves made up of coir rope during April- May to prevent stem borer.
- Robusta coffee is resistant to nematode attack.
TEA
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Raise 'Etham' grass in bunds across the slope to arrest the soil erosion in the tea plantations.
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Grow tea at higher elevation gives good quality tea.
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Grow tea at higher elevation gives less yield.
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Intercrop of coffee variety Kaveri in tea plantation comes up well.
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Place the seeds above one layer of sand, covering with one layer of sand and water spraying for three weeks for getting sprouting.
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